This first site deals mainly with topics that pertain to the electric incandescent lamps that were manufactured between the years 1880 and 1925. However, a few topics that cover the time back to 1800 are also included.

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This second site is comprised of brief biographical sketches of workers and some of their contributions during the 1900s. While the technical output of an individual can often be determined by means of the technical literature or patents, the personal information can often be difficult to obtain after the passing of the person. This effort is therefore an attempt to determine some personal information that is often overlooked in mentioning lamp developments.




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This third site gives a brief account of the origin of the general field of surface chemistry. While the effect of certain oils on the surface of water has been noted for centuries, the beginning of a scientific investigation of the subject took place in Germany by a young lady who started her studies at age 18.